{"id":10391,"date":"2021-09-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-22T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\/"},"modified":"2021-09-22T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-09-22T00:00:00","slug":"synthese-ocean-state-report-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/fr\/actualites\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5 disponible"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La <a href=\"https:\/\/marine.copernicus.eu\/access-data\/ocean-state-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5<\/a> est maintenant disponible en ligne aupr\u00e8s de <a href=\"https:\/\/marine.copernicus.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copernicus Marine Service<\/a> et de Mercator Ocean International. Cette publication annuelle fournit un rapport complet et dans les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019art sur l&rsquo;\u00e9tat actuel, les variations naturelles et les changements en cours dans les mers r\u00e9gionales europ\u00e9ennes et l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an mondial, notamment en 2019. Disponible dans un format concis, illustr\u00e9 et facilement accessible, la synth\u00e8se est destin\u00e9e \u00e0 servir de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 scientifique, aux d\u00e9cideurs politiques et au grand public pour mieux comprendre l&rsquo;importance et les impacts d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 est divis\u00e9 en quatre chapitres, pr\u00e9sentant les donn\u00e9es d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation sous plusieurs angles. Les chapitres un, deux et trois pr\u00e9sentent l&rsquo;\u00e9tat et les principales observations d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation, examinent l&rsquo;\u00e9volution des impacts de ces changements en fonction du changement climatique, et discutent de l&rsquo;importance d&rsquo;une gouvernance durable de l\u2019oc\u00e9an pour g\u00e9rer les impacts. La synth\u00e8se se termine par le chapitre quatre qui met en \u00e9vidence les nouveaux outils d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide des produits de Copernicus Marine Service et illustre la mani\u00e8re dont des informations pr\u00e9cises et disponibles en temps utile sont essentielles pour surveiller, comprendre et s&rsquo;adapter \u00e0 un oc\u00e9an en mutation.\u00a0 Les rubriques ci-dessous mettent en \u00e9vidence les points cl\u00e9s abord\u00e9s dans chaque chapitre.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position: relative; padding-top: max(60%,326px); height: 0; width: 100%;\"><iframe style=\"position: absolute; border: none; width: 100%; height: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0;\" src=\"https:\/\/e.issuu.com\/embed.html?d=2021.09.10_ocean_state_report_5_summary_fr_single_&amp;u=copernicusmarine_service\" sandbox=\"allow-top-navigation allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation allow-downloads allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-modals allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#mutation\">Un oc\u00e9an en mutation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#effets\">Les effets d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gestion\">Gestion d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#surveillance\">Surveillance d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"mutation\">Un Oc\u00e9an en mutation<\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le premier chapitre aborde l&rsquo;importance de l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an, son \u00e9tat actuel et les principaux changements observ\u00e9s en 2019 et 2020. L&rsquo;oc\u00e9an mondial couvre 71 % de la surface de la Terre et est responsable de la r\u00e9gulation du climat de la Terre et du maintien de la vie. Cependant, l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an subit des changements rapides, brutaux et s\u00e9v\u00e8res dus aux variations naturelles, \u00e0 la surexploitation et aux influences anthropiques. Le changement climatique d&rsquo;origine humaine a d\u00e9j\u00e0 contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 hauteur d&rsquo;environ <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/assessment-report\/ar6\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1,1 \u00b0C au r\u00e9chauffement<\/a> de la plan\u00e8te, provoquant des changements sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent qui affectent l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an, ses c\u00f4tes et sa composition.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pour suivre ces changements, les principaux indicateurs de surveillance des oc\u00e9ans \u2013 un ensemble de param\u00e8tres simples et faciles \u00e0 comprendre pour d\u00e9crire, mesurer et surveiller l&rsquo;\u00e9tat de l\u2019oc\u00e9an &#8211; observent les ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes oc\u00e9aniques pertinents, tels que l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau de la mer ou le d\u00e9clin de la glace de mer. La synth\u00e8se s&rsquo;appuie sur ce catalogue d&rsquo;indicateurs pour fournir les donn\u00e9es n\u00e9cessaires au suivi des changements actuels et \u00e0 la pr\u00e9vision des changements futurs dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an bleu, vert et blanc.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"effets\">Les effets d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation<\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le chapitre deux traite des changements sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent auxquels l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an est confront\u00e9, avec des exemples cl\u00e9s illustrant les impacts majeurs de ces changements sur le bien-\u00eatre humain et les environnements marins. Des eaux extr\u00eamement hautes affectent les c\u00f4tes et les villes vuln\u00e9rables, la qualit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;eau de mer diminue en raison de la pollution et des activit\u00e9s anthropiques, les temp\u00e9ratures de l\u2019oc\u00e9an augmentent et affectent les esp\u00e8ces marines, et l&rsquo;\u00e9tendue de la glace de mer diminue rapidement.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;oc\u00e9an bleu en mutation : Acqua Alta \u00e0 Venise<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Une combinaison d&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nements simultan\u00e9s &#8211; un niveau moyen de la mer inhabituellement \u00e9lev\u00e9, une mar\u00e9e de vive-eau importante et des conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques locales et r\u00e9gionales extr\u00eames &#8211; a provoqu\u00e9 une s\u00e9rie sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent d\u2019\u00e9pisodes d&rsquo;Acqua Alta d&rsquo;une intensit\u00e9 exceptionnelle \u00e0 Venise en 2019.\u00a0 Les niveaux d&rsquo;eau ont atteint un maximum de 1,89 m, le plus haut niveau enregistr\u00e9 depuis 1966, inondant plus de 50 % de la ville entre le 11 et le 18 novembre 2019.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;oc\u00e9an vert en mutation : Eutrophisation et oligotrophisation<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La pollution par les nutriments provenant d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s terrestres, telles que l&rsquo;agriculture et l&rsquo;industrie, d\u00e9t\u00e9riore la qualit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;eau et accro\u00eet les conditions favorables \u00e0 l&rsquo;eutrophisation. La r\u00e9duction des nutriments inorganiques \u00e0 la surface de l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an peut toutefois \u00eatre li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;oligotrophisation. L&rsquo;eutrophisation se produit lorsque l&rsquo;eau est excessivement riche en nutriments, ce qui favorise la prolif\u00e9ration d&rsquo;algues \u00e0 des niveaux nuisibles. L\u2019oligotrophisation se produit lorsque les eaux sont extr\u00eamement pauvres en nutriments et ne peuvent donc pas supporter une croissance importante des plantes aquatiques.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En Europe, ces deux processus constituent des probl\u00e8mes durables de qualit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;eau et ont un impact s\u00e9v\u00e8re sur le fonctionnement de l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me. C&rsquo;est pourquoi un nouvel indicateur de surveillance des oc\u00e9ans a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour surveiller en permanence les tendances eutrophiques et oligotrophiques des mers r\u00e9gionales europ\u00e9ennes, afin de prot\u00e9ger les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins des menaces anthropiques persistantes.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;oc\u00e9an vert en mutation: Migration des poissons, esp\u00e8ces envahissantes et \u00e9v\u00e9nements de temp\u00e9rature extr\u00eame<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le r\u00e9chauffement des eaux oc\u00e9aniques a pouss\u00e9 de nombreuses esp\u00e8ces marines \u00e0 se d\u00e9placer vers des eaux plus froides. Cette migration entra\u00eene l&rsquo;introduction d&rsquo;esp\u00e8ces non indig\u00e8nes et invasives dans diff\u00e9rents \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins. L\u2019ann\u00e9e 2019 a vu une introduction g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e dans la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e &#8211; du canal de Suez \u00e0 la mer Ionienne &#8211; du poisson-lion, Pterois miles, en raison de l&rsquo;augmentation des temp\u00e9ratures dans le bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en oriental. Avec le r\u00e9chauffement continu des eaux, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de temp\u00e9ratures extr\u00eames deviennent plus fr\u00e9quents, ce qui affecte les captures et les populations de diverses esp\u00e8ces marines.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;oc\u00e9an blanc en mutation L\u2019h\u00e9misph\u00e8re Nord \u2013 L\u2019Arctique<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;\u00e9tendue de la glace de mer dans l&rsquo;Arctique est bien inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la moyenne et d\u00e9cline rapidement. En fait, l&rsquo;\u00e9tendue et l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur de la glace de mer arctique n&rsquo;ont cess\u00e9 de diminuer au cours des trente derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. La glace de mer en \u00e9t\u00e9 (septembre) a diminu\u00e9 \u00e0 un taux de -12,89 % par d\u00e9cennie, avec de nouveaux records de niveaux bas enregistr\u00e9s les deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"gestion\">Gestion d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation: Gouvernance de l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an<\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le chapitre trois traite de la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une gouvernance durable de l\u2019oc\u00e9an. Selon le rapport sp\u00e9cial du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/srocc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GIEC sur l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an et la cryosph\u00e8re dans un climat en \u00e9volution<\/a> (SROCC), la gouvernance de l\u2019oc\u00e9an est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision, \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre et \u00e0 la surveillance des politiques li\u00e9es aux changements oc\u00e9aniques, \u00e0 la fourniture d&rsquo;orientations pour la n\u00e9gociation, \u00e0 la m\u00e9diation des int\u00e9r\u00eats et au partage des droits et des responsabilit\u00e9s pour l&rsquo;utilisation et l&rsquo;exploitation des ressources oc\u00e9aniques. Le changement climatique, la pollution et la surexploitation ayant exerc\u00e9 des pressions sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent sur l\u2019oc\u00e9an, il est urgent de mettre en place des mesures durables pour gouverner, surveiller et s&rsquo;adapter \u00e0 ces mutations de l\u2019oc\u00e9an.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La pyramide (voir ci-dessous) donne une ventilation de la structure de gouvernance de l\u2019oc\u00e9an. La gouvernance de l\u2019Oc\u00e9an repose sur des donn\u00e9es et des connaissances oc\u00e9aniques scientifiquement fond\u00e9es afin d&rsquo;influencer les d\u00e9cideurs. Gr\u00e2ce aux donn\u00e9es et aux connaissances provenant de sources cl\u00e9s et fiables telles que le Copernicus Marine Service et le sommet du G7, les d\u00e9cideurs seront en mesure d&rsquo;\u00e9tablir des r\u00e9glementations, des strat\u00e9gies de gestion et de mise en \u0153uvre pour une gestion durable de l\u2019oc\u00e9an.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"surveillance\">Surveillance d&rsquo;un oc\u00e9an en mutation: nouveaux outils et nouvelles technologies<\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le chapitre 4 pr\u00e9sente trois outils de pointe pour le suivi et la pr\u00e9vision des principaux changements oc\u00e9aniques. D\u00e9velopp\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide des produits et services oc\u00e9aniques du Copernicus Marine Service, ces outils comprennent un syst\u00e8me de suivi des alertes \u00e0 Malte, des technologies de pr\u00e9vision des pullulations de m\u00e9duses en mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et des programmes de suivi en temps r\u00e9el des donn\u00e9es personnalis\u00e9es sur la glace de mer. Chacun de ces outils vise \u00e0 contribuer \u00e0 la protection des environnements marins et \u00e0 pr\u00e9server les communaut\u00e9s humaines.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le nouvel outil de pr\u00e9vision maltais fournit des alertes et une \u00e9volution en temps quasi r\u00e9el des conditions oc\u00e9aniques et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques potentiellement extr\u00eames. Utilis\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois en 2019, il aide les autorit\u00e9s locales \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la protection terrestre et marine, \u00e0 fournir des conseils pour une navigation oc\u00e9anique s\u00fbre et \u00e0 relayer les informations critiques aux services d&rsquo;urgence pour qu&rsquo;ils puissent les utiliser dans des conditions d&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nements oc\u00e9aniques et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques extr\u00eames.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le nouveau syst\u00e8me de pr\u00e9vision des m\u00e9duses identifie l&#8217;emplacement et les pullulations des population de m\u00e9duses. \u00c0 la suite d&rsquo;une pullulation de physalies en 2018, cet outil permet de minimiser les pertes socio-\u00e9conomiques en pr\u00e9disant les futures pullulations, en surveillant les pullulations connues et en fournissant des alertes rapides aux r\u00e9gions c\u00f4ti\u00e8res.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En raison du d\u00e9clin de la glace de mer, davantage d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s maritimes se d\u00e9roulent dans les r\u00e9gions arctiques qui ne disposent pas d&rsquo;une connexion internet fiable. La nouvelle application \u00ab IcySea \u00bb est con\u00e7ue pour fonctionner hors ligne et pour \u00eatre t\u00e9l\u00e9chargeable dans des conditions de faible bande passante. Elle permet de surveiller et de pr\u00e9voir en temps quasi r\u00e9el les d\u00e9rives de la glace de mer afin d&rsquo;\u00e9valuer la vitesse \u00e0 laquelle les conditions de la glace de mer \u00e9voluent.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00c0 PROPOS DE L\u2019OCEAN STATE REPORT<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L\u2019Ocean State Report est une publication annuelle de Copernicus Marine Service et de Mercator Ocean International qui fournit un rapport scientifique complet et r\u00e9alis\u00e9 dans les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019art, sur les conditions actuelles, les variations naturelles et les changements en cours dans l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an mondial et les mers r\u00e9gionales europ\u00e9ennes. L&rsquo;objectif de l\u2019Ocean State Report est de fournir des informations fiables et scientifiquement \u00e9tay\u00e9es, en s&rsquo;appuyant sur des donn\u00e9es des ann\u00e9es 1970 \u00e0 aujourd&rsquo;hui. Le rapport est r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par plus de 150 experts scientifiques de plus de 30 institutions europ\u00e9ennes.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559737&quot;:-386,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;accent est mis sur les mers europ\u00e9ennes, car l\u2019Ocean State Report est cens\u00e9 servir de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence non seulement \u00e0 un public mondial, mais aussi, plus directement, aux activit\u00e9s de l&rsquo;Union europ\u00e9enne. L\u2019Ocean State Report complet, disponible ci-dessous, est un suppl\u00e9ment du <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/loi\/tjoo20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Journal of Operational Oceanography (JOO)<\/a>, une publication officielle de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imarest.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">l&rsquo;Institute of Marine Engineering, Science &amp; Technology (IMarEST)<\/a>, publi\u00e9 par Taylor &amp; Francis Group.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5 est maintenant disponible en ligne aupr\u00e8s de Copernicus Marine Service et de Mercator Ocean International. Cette publication annuelle fournit un rapport complet et dans les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019art sur l&rsquo;\u00e9tat actuel, les variations naturelles et les changements en cours dans les mers r\u00e9gionales europ\u00e9ennes et l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an mondial, notamment [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7035,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"translation-status":[],"class_list":["post-10391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5 disponible - Mercator Ocean International<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/fr\/actualites\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5 disponible - Mercator Ocean International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5 est maintenant disponible en ligne aupr\u00e8s de Copernicus Marine Service et de Mercator Ocean International. Cette publication annuelle fournit un rapport complet et dans les r\u00e8gles de l\u2019art sur l&rsquo;\u00e9tat actuel, les variations naturelles et les changements en cours dans les mers r\u00e9gionales europ\u00e9ennes et l&rsquo;oc\u00e9an mondial, notamment [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/fr\/actualites\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mercator Ocean International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/MercatorOcean\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-09-22T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/eu4oceanobs-v02-e1632299502410.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Damien Goubeau\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@MercatorOcean\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@MercatorOcean\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Damien Goubeau\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/actualites\\\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/actualites\\\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Damien Goubeau\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8707759d6e2641e91ea76ae3fc537134\"},\"headline\":\"Synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5 disponible\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-09-22T00:00:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/actualites\\\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2096,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/actualites\\\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/eu4oceanobs-v02-e1632299502410.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/actualites\\\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/actualites\\\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\\\/fr\\\/actualites\\\/synthese-ocean-state-report-5\\\/\",\"name\":\"Synth\u00e8se de l\u2019Ocean State Report 5 disponible - 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