{"id":10412,"date":"2021-11-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-30T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/mercator-ocean-tortues_juveniles\/"},"modified":"2021-11-25T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-25T00:00:00","slug":"mercator-ocean-tortues_juveniles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/fr\/actualites\/mercator-ocean-tortues_juveniles\/","title":{"rendered":"OCEAN VERT Comment l’oc\u00e9an num\u00e9rique aide \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger les tortues marines juv\u00e9niles?"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

\"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

La connaissance des param\u00e8tres oc\u00e9aniques issus de nos syst\u00e8mes d’oc\u00e9an virtuel, et distribu\u00e9s dans le cadre du Copernicus Marine Service* nous aide \u00e0 comprendre le comportement des tortues marines juv\u00e9niles pour mieux les prot\u00e9ger.<\/p>\n

Une \u00e9tude sur ce sujet, co-\u00e9crite par un scientifique de Mercator Oc\u00e9an International, a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e ce mois-ci dans Frontiers in Marine Science<\/a>.\u00a0 L’utilisation de nos donn\u00e9es, diffus\u00e9es via les canaux du Copernicus Marine Service montre que les eaux riches en nourriture du Golfe de Gascogne peuvent \u00eatre une tentation mortelle pour les petites tortues pendant l’hiver.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>L’Aquarium de La Rochelle<\/a> sauve et r\u00e9habilite les tortues de mer depuis des d\u00e9cennies. Pour s’assurer que les tortues ont les meilleures chances de survie apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9introduites dans la nature, l’aquarium a r\u00e9cemment entrepris de comprendre o\u00f9 elles se sont rendues apr\u00e8s leur lib\u00e9ration.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9tude a utilis\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es de suivi et d’observation par satellite pour d\u00e9terminer si le golfe de Gascogne est un pi\u00e8ge \u00e9cologique ou un habitat favorable aux jeunes tortues de mer. Elle a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que si les grandes tortues (et donc probablement les plus \u00e2g\u00e9es) nagent vers leur lieu de naissance en Afrique ou aux \u00c9tats-Unis apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 rel\u00e2ch\u00e9es, les petites tortues (et probablement les plus jeunes) peuvent \u00eatre pi\u00e9g\u00e9es dans des eaux plus froides pour l’hiver.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9gende photos: Tortue rel\u00e2ch\u00e9e par l’Aquarium de La Rochelle.
\nCr\u00e9dit : Oceane Cottier et Arthur Par\u00e9\/Aquarium La Rochelle<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les donn\u00e9es de Copernicus Marine ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es pour obtenir des informations sur les courants oc\u00e9aniques, la temp\u00e9rature de l’eau et l’abondance des proies le long des trajectoires des tortues. Cela nous a permis de relier les sch\u00e9mas de d\u00e9placement des tortues \u00e0 ces facteurs oc\u00e9aniques, ainsi qu’\u00e0 la taille et \u00e0 la masse des tortues\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/span><\/em>, explique Philippe Gaspar<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, co-auteur de l’\u00e9tude et chercheur senior chez Mercator Ocean International.<\/p>\n

Lorsqu’elles sont pr\u00eates \u00e0 se reproduire, les tortues plus \u00e2g\u00e9es retournent sur leur lieu de naissance. Les jeunes tortues, quant \u00e0 elles, ont pour priorit\u00e9 de grandir et de se d\u00e9velopper. Cela pourrait expliquer pourquoi les petites tortues ont tendance \u00e0 rester dans le golfe de Gascogne, riche en nourriture, apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 rel\u00e2ch\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L’analyse conjointe des courants oc\u00e9aniques et des trajectoires des tortues montre que les petites tortues ne suivent pas passivement les courants mais nagent activement pour rester dans cet habitat favorable\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span>, explique Philippine Chambault<\/a><\/strong>,<\/span> de l’Aquarium de La Rochelle, premi\u00e8re auteure de l’article.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les eaux du Golfe de Gascogne sont particuli\u00e8rement froides pendant l’hiver, moins de 10\u00b0C, et cette zone est donc suppos\u00e9e \u00eatre en dehors de l’aire g\u00e9ographique des tortues. Nos observations sugg\u00e8rent que, bien que les tortues puissent visiter cette zone pour chercher de la nourriture, elle peut \u00eatre un pi\u00e8ge \u00e9cologique pour les tr\u00e8s petites tortues qui peuvent souffrir d’hypothermie pendant les mois froids\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Philippe Gaspar. \u00ab\u00a0La temp\u00e9rature corporelle d’une tortue est largement contr\u00f4l\u00e9e par la temp\u00e9rature de l’environnement, et les temp\u00e9ratures inf\u00e9rieures \u00e0 10\u00b0C sont souvent mortelles.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

INTERCOMPARAISON COURANT\/TRAJECTOIRE<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u00e9gende: \u00ab\u00a0Vitesse et direction des courants dans le Golfe de Gascogne (\u00e0 gauche, en vert) et des tortues (\u00e0 droite, en rouge), montrant que les tortues nagent dans la direction oppos\u00e9e aux courants.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em> Cr\u00e9dit : Chambault et al. (2021). Source des donn\u00e9es : Copernicus Marine Service\/Mercator Ocean International.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9sultats de l’\u00e9tude confirment le r\u00f4le crucial des centres de r\u00e9habilitation<\/strong><\/span> et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de donner la priorit\u00e9 \u00e0 la conservation des tortues<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ces r\u00e9sultats ont des implications importantes pour la conservation des tortues\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/span><\/em>, ajoute Florence Dell’Amico, coauteur de l’\u00e9tude, qui s’occupe des tortues marines \u00e0 l’Aquarium de La Rochelle. \u00ab\u00a0Les cartes de leur aire de r\u00e9partition \u00e9cologique doivent \u00eatre mises \u00e0 jour, et les r\u00e9sultats de cette \u00e9tude peuvent aider \u00e0 planifier des strat\u00e9gies de r\u00e9habilitation et de rel\u00e2chement efficaces pour les tortues sauv\u00e9es de cette zone.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Philippe, Philippine, Florence et leurs coll\u00e8gues utilisent maintenant les donn\u00e9es de Copernicus Marine pour optimiser le processus de rel\u00e2chement des tortues. En particulier, ils cherchent \u00e0 savoir si le taux de survie des tortues rel\u00e2ch\u00e9es pourrait \u00eatre am\u00e9lior\u00e9 en modifiant le moment ou le lieu o\u00f9 elles sont rel\u00e2ch\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u00e9gende: Donn\u00e9es cartographi\u00e9es de Copernicus Marine montrant la biomasse du micronecton \u00e9pip\u00e9lagique, de petites cr\u00e9atures marines que les tortues aiment manger. Le micronecton \u00e9tait l’un des facteurs pris en compte dans cette \u00e9tude. Cr\u00e9dit : Copernicus Marine Service\/Mercator Ocean International.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Philippe conclut : \u00ab\u00a0Un tel travail ne pourrait pas \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9 sans les donn\u00e9es de Copernicus Marine. Si vous voulez conna\u00eetre l’oc\u00e9an, partout et \u00e0 tout moment, c’est le meilleur endroit o\u00f9 aller.\u00a0\u00bb <\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

* Lien vers le catalogue de produits Copernicus Marine.<\/a><\/p>\n

REFERENCES<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Paper: \u2018Ecological trap or favorable habitat? First evidence that immature sea turtles may survive at their range-limits in the North-East Atlantic\u2019<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La connaissance des param\u00e8tres oc\u00e9aniques issus de nos syst\u00e8mes d’oc\u00e9an virtuel, et distribu\u00e9s dans le cadre du Copernicus Marine Service* nous aide \u00e0 comprendre le comportement des tortues marines juv\u00e9niles pour mieux les prot\u00e9ger. Une \u00e9tude sur ce sujet, co-\u00e9crite par un scientifique de Mercator Oc\u00e9an International, a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e ce mois-ci dans Frontiers in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7078,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"translation-status":[],"class_list":["post-10412","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nOCEAN VERT Comment l'oc\u00e9an num\u00e9rique aide \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger les tortues marines juv\u00e9niles? - Mercator Ocean International<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/fr\/actualites\/mercator-ocean-tortues_juveniles\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"OCEAN VERT Comment l'oc\u00e9an num\u00e9rique aide \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger les tortues marines juv\u00e9niles? - Mercator Ocean International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La connaissance des param\u00e8tres oc\u00e9aniques issus de nos syst\u00e8mes d’oc\u00e9an virtuel, et distribu\u00e9s dans le cadre du Copernicus Marine Service* nous aide \u00e0 comprendre le comportement des tortues marines juv\u00e9niles pour mieux les prot\u00e9ger. 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