{"id":10462,"date":"2022-08-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/advances-in-the-study-of-marine-heatwaves\/"},"modified":"2022-08-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-08-16T00:00:00","slug":"advances-in-the-study-of-marine-heatwaves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/fr\/advances-in-the-study-of-marine-heatwaves\/","title":{"rendered":"De nouvelles avanc\u00e9es dans l’\u00e9tude des vagues de chaleur marines"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

Plusieurs oc\u00e9anographes experts de l’\u00e9quipe de Mercator Oc\u00e9an International ont r\u00e9alis\u00e9 des avanc\u00e9es importantes dans l’\u00e9tude des vagues de chaleur marines, d\u00e9finies comme des hausses extr\u00eames de la temp\u00e9rature de l’oc\u00e9an pendant une p\u00e9riode de temps prolong\u00e9e. Leur article scientifique Decrease in air-sea CO2<\/sub> fluxes caused by persistent marine heatwaves<\/strong><\/em> a r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 dans Nature Communication, une revue en libre acc\u00e8s qui publie des recherches de haute qualit\u00e9 dans tous les domaines des sciences naturelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zones sensibles au CO2<\/sub> et vagues de chaleur marine persistantes <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bas\u00e9e sur une analyse conjointe de mesures satellitaires, d’observations BGC-Argo, de reconstructions d\u00e9riv\u00e9es d’algorithmes d’apprentissage automatique et d’un mod\u00e8le num\u00e9rique de pointe de l’oc\u00e9an mondial, produit par Mercator Ocean International, l’\u00e9tude a mis en \u00e9vidence l’absence de connaissances essentielles sur les vagues de chaleur marines et leurs effets sur les zones sensibles au CO2<\/sub>. Quelques pr\u00e9misses. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9 que l’oc\u00e9an absorbe actuellement environ 25 % des \u00e9missions anthropiques de CO2<\/sub>, fournissant ainsi un service \u00e9cosyst\u00e9mique important \u00e0 l’humanit\u00e9 en att\u00e9nuant le r\u00e9chauffement climatique. Les flux de CO2<\/sub> se produisent dans diff\u00e9rentes zones de l’oc\u00e9an : le dioxyde de carbone est principalement absorb\u00e9 aux hautes latitudes, tandis qu’il est rejet\u00e9 dans l’atmosph\u00e8re aux basses latitudes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les vagues de chaleur marines peuvent se produire \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents endroits de l’oc\u00e9an. Leur ampleur et leur fr\u00e9quence ont augment\u00e9 au cours des deux derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, avec des cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9fastes sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes, les industries marines et les activit\u00e9s humaines. Dans leur article, les auteurs se sont concentr\u00e9s sur les vagues de chaleur marines intenses et de longue dur\u00e9e (dites persistantes, PMHW). Ils montrent que les PMHW se produisent dans les principales zones d’absorption et de lib\u00e9ration de CO2<\/sub>, les zones dites sensibles au CO2<\/sub>, comme le montre l’image ci-dessous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Vagues<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

L’impact le plus fort et le plus significatif des PMHW sur les \u00e9changes air-mer de CO2<\/sub> se produit dans l’oc\u00e9an Pacifique, avec une diminution nette de l’absorption oc\u00e9anique de CO2<\/sub> de 29 +\/- 11 % dans le Pacifique Nord et une r\u00e9duction nette de 40 +\/- 9 % des rejets de CO2<\/sub> dans le Pacifique tropical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Mechanisms<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ces r\u00e9sultats apportent un nouvel \u00e9clairage sur l’interaction entre les vagues de chaleur marines et les zones sensibles au dioxyde de carbone. Ils ouvrent surtout la voie \u00e0 de futures investigations sur son \u00e9volution sous l’effet du changement climatique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les auteurs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ils ont contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction de l’article : Alexandre Mignot, Karina von Schuckmann, Peter Landsch\u00fctzer, Florent Gasparin, Simon van Gennip, Coralie Perruche, Julien Lamouroux & Tristan Amm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Lire l’article complet<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

A lire aussi : M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e occidentale : des temp\u00e9ratures exceptionnellement \u00e9lev\u00e9es observ\u00e9es \u00e0 travers l\u2019oc\u00e9an digital de Mercator Ocean<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Plusieurs oc\u00e9anographes experts de l’\u00e9quipe de Mercator Oc\u00e9an International ont r\u00e9alis\u00e9 des avanc\u00e9es importantes dans l’\u00e9tude des vagues de chaleur marines, d\u00e9finies comme des hausses extr\u00eames de la temp\u00e9rature de l’oc\u00e9an pendant une p\u00e9riode de temps prolong\u00e9e. Leur article scientifique Decrease in air-sea CO2 fluxes caused by persistent marine heatwaves a r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 dans […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7180,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"translation-status":[],"class_list":["post-10462","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDe nouvelles avanc\u00e9es dans l'\u00e9tude des vagues de chaleur marines - Mercator Ocean International<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mercator-ocean.eu\/fr\/advances-in-the-study-of-marine-heatwaves\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"De nouvelles avanc\u00e9es dans l'\u00e9tude des vagues de chaleur marines - Mercator Ocean International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Plusieurs oc\u00e9anographes experts de l’\u00e9quipe de Mercator Oc\u00e9an International ont r\u00e9alis\u00e9 des avanc\u00e9es importantes dans l’\u00e9tude des vagues de chaleur marines, d\u00e9finies comme des hausses extr\u00eames de la temp\u00e9rature de l’oc\u00e9an pendant une p\u00e9riode de temps prolong\u00e9e. 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